What is cowhide? A thorough explanation of features, types, and maintenance methods

Cowhide is a natural material that combines durability and texture, and is used in many products such as bags, wallets, and jackets. In this article, we will thoroughly explain your knowledge about cowhide, from the basics of cowhide to its types, features, comparisons with other leathers, and maintenance methods. Let's take a closer look at the appeal of cowhide products that can be used for a long time while enjoying the changes over time.

table of contents

• 1. Definition and history of cowhide
• 2. Cowhide manufacturing process
• 3. Types and characteristics of cowhide
• 4. Characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of cowhide
• 5. Comparison of cowhide with other leather materials
• 6. How to Use Cowhide and Suitable Products
• 7. How to Choose High Quality Cowhide Products
• 8. How to maintain cowhide products
• 9. Aging and changes in cowhide products
• 10. Frequently Asked Questions

1. Definition and history of cowhide

Cowhide is a natural material made from tanned animal skin obtained from cows. This tanning process transforms the original rawhide into a durable leather product suitable for a variety of uses. Cowhide is characterized by its thickness and robustness, and is highly resistant to everyday friction and environmental impact, making it used in many fashion and practical items.

Origin and historical background of cowhide

The use of cowhide is long, dating back to the ancient Mesopotamian period around 5000 BC. At the time, it was used as a material for tools, clothing and housing. In medieval Europe, guilds (craftsmen's associations) were established, and leather processing technology developed. During the Industrial Revolution, chemical processes for tanning were developed, making it possible to mass-produce the product.

Leather products have also been produced in Japan since the Nara period, and leatherwork has developed in particular during the Edo period. Today, Italy, Spain, and Japan are known as producers of high-quality cowhide.

Modern cowhide industry

The modern cowhide industry is becoming more and more focused on sustainability and environmental considerations. Many leather manufacturers are taking measures to reduce waste by utilizing cowhide, which is a by-product of the meat industry. We are also developing eco-friendly tanning methods and dyeing techniques.

The uses of cowhide have changed over time, but its durability and beauty continue to be recognized as a universal value.Genuine leather productsEven today, it is treated as a high-quality material and is used in a wide range of products, including bags, wallets, jackets, and furniture.

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2. Cowhide manufacturing process

Cowhide will undergo several important steps before it becomes the final product. The treatment at each stage will have a major impact on the quality, feel and durability of the leather.

Treatment of raw skin (pretreatment)

The first step in manufacturing is the preservation and preparation of raw skins obtained from the slaughterhouse. Salting and refrigerating prevents rot and is transported to the factory. The factory performs a "freshing" process to remove unnecessary fat, meat and hair, and then immerse in lime water to swell. This breaks down the hair roots and epidermal proteins, and prepares for the next tanning process.

Tanning process

The tanning process is the core part of leather manufacturing, and is a chemical process that converts the leather into stable leather. There are three main ways to tan the tanning method:

• Chrome tanned: The most common method is to use chromium salts. A fast and efficient process gives you flexible, water-resistant leather. It is used in many fashion items and shoes.
• Vegetable tannins tanning: A traditional method of using tannins extracted from bark, leaves and fruit. It takes time, but it is environmentally friendly, and can be enjoyed with a unique texture and natural changes over time. It is used for luxury bags, wallets, belts, etc.
• Combination tanning: The two above are combined to make the advantages of both.

Post-treatment and finishing

The tanned leather is finished by various finishing treatments to form the final product:

1. staining: The process of applying the desired color. It is dipped (dyed the entire leather) or surface dyed.
2. Grease filling: Adds oil to the leather to increase flexibility and water resistance.
3. Dryness and humidity control: Adjust to the appropriate humidity.
4. Finishing: Coating the surface or embossing a pattern.
5. Final inspection: Quality checks are performed and grades are classified.

These processes directly affect the appearance, feel and durability of the final leather.Crazy Horse LeatherSpecial leather such as this is further undergoes a unique treatment process to create its distinctive texture.

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3. Types and characteristics of cowhide

Even though we simply say cowhide, there are a wide variety of types. Each has different characteristics and is suitable for manufacturing a variety of items. Below we will explain in detail the main types of cowhide and their features.

Classification by skin layer

Full grain leather

Full grain leather is the most quality and durable type of cowhide. By keeping the top layer of the leather intact and leaving behind natural scratches and wrinkles, you can enjoy a unique aging. This leather has a distinctive pore pattern (grain) on the surface, and the more you use it, it becomes glossier and is often used in high-end bags and wallets.Genuine leather productsIt is highly rated among the most popular items and is characterized by its long service life.

Top grain leather

Top grain leather is made by thinly shaving off impurities on the surface, and is second only to full grain, with a smoother finish. It has a surface with little unevenness and a unified look, and is suitable for a wide range of clothing and accessories. It boasts high quality while being slightly more affordable than full grain.

Split leather

Split leather is leather that uses the lower part of the leather, and is often used with a processed surface. Although it is less durable than full-grain or top-grain, it is used to provide leather products at a more economical price. It is mainly used in interior materials and suede-processed products.

Classification by tanning method

Nume leather (vegetable tannin tanned)

The nude leather is a wild cowhide tanned with undyed vegetable tannins, and is characterized by its natural color and is highly absorbent and soft. As you use it, the color changes to a deeper color, allowing you to enjoy its unique luster and texture. It can be used as belts, wallets, notebook covers, etc. This is one of the leathers that can be enjoyed most over time, and one of the attractions is that they vary from individual to individual in the progression of aging.

Chrome Tanned Leather

This leather is made using a tanning method using chromium salts, and many modern leather products are processed using this method. It is characterized by its high flexibility and excellent water resistance. Because it is easy to dye, many colorful leather products use chrome tanned leather.

Specially processed cowhide

Crazy Horse Leather

Crazy Horse Leather is a cowhide leather that has been specially processed with wax or oil, and is characterized by its unique texture that changes the color of the part when rubbed. The more you use it, the more natural sheen it becomes, and it gives it a unique vintage look.Crazy Horse Leather ProductsIt is highly durable and is suitable for long-term use items such as bags and boots.

Oiled leather

This cowhide is rich in oil and is characterized by its high waterproofness and flexibility. It is used for outdoor equipment, work gloves, work boots, etc. The more you use it, the more it becomes more comfortable with body temperature and friction, creating a unique luster and texture.

Embossed leather

This leather has a patterned surface applied to heat and pressure. It is used to even out the surface of natural leather and to create decorative patterns. It can express a variety of designs and is widely used in general bags, wallets, clothing, etc.

These are just some of the most typical types of cowhide, and there are actually many more variations depending on the processing method, finish and application. By choosing the best cowhide leather for your needs, you can make your product last longer as well as its beauty.

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4. Characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of cowhide

Cowhide is widely loved for its durability, strength and functionality, but these are just superficial features. The true value of cowhide lies in its unique properties, and the more you use it, the more it becomes. Below we will explain in detail the main features, advantages and disadvantages of cowhide.

Physical properties of cowhide

Strong durability

Cowhide is thicker than other leather materials, which makes it extremely durable. The average cowhide has a tensile strength of about 20MPa, which is about twice as much as sheepskin. This toughness is why cowhide products can withstand for years and are essential to maintain shape and function even under frequent use and harsh conditions. It is also highly abrasion resistant and resistant to everyday friction,BackpackorBusiness bagPerfect for practical items such as:

Natural elasticity

Cowhide contains natural oils, providing the necessary flexibility. This will naturally respond to the pressure during use and will become more comfortable with the body over time. especiallyOne shoulder (cross body)Bags and other items naturally change shape to suit the user's body movements, providing comfort.

A balance between waterproof and breathable

Cowhide is moderately waterproof, but is also a highly breathable material. Since it can repel moisture and dirt on the surface, it can be used in wet environments or places where dirt is likely to occur. It also has excellent breathability, which prevents stuffiness inside the leather and prevents mold growth. These characteristics areTravel bagThis is especially important for items that are used for long periods of time.

The advantages of cowhide

• Durability: This material can be used for decades with proper care.
• Changes over time: The more you use it, the more the leather feels, creating a unique charm.
• Fair and luxury: High-quality cowhide products give owners confidence and dignity.
• Suppressing odors: Natural antibacterial properties and does not easily cause unpleasant odors.
• Versatility: Can be used in a wide range of products, and can express different textures using a variety of finishing methods.

Cons of cowhide

• weight: Thick cowhide products in particular are heavier than sheepskin and synthetic materials.
• price: High-quality cowhide products are relatively expensive.
• Maintenance needs: Regular care is required to make it last longer.
• Initial hardness: Especially when using vegetable tannins, it may feel stiff until it gets used to it.
• Water-sensitive side: Excessive moisture can damage the leather.

Understanding these characteristics and properly maintained, cowhide products can become more than just accessories and tools. It can be said that this material allows you to enjoy the changes over time and have a long, deep relationship with others.

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5. Comparison of cowhide with other leather materials

To get a deeper understanding of the properties of cowhide, compare it with other typical leather materials. Through this comparison, this will help you choose the leather material that suits your needs and preferences.

Cowhide vs Horse leather

Cowhideis thick, has excellent strength and durability. The surface texture is uniform and slowly develops flavor as you use it. on the other hand,Horse leatherIt is thinner than cowhide, lighter and softer. The fibers are dense and strong, and have a unique luster. Horse leather is soft from the start and fits in faster than cowhide.

Cowhide is suitable for products that require sturdyness, but horse leather is suitable for products that emphasize lightness and flexibility.Mini Shoulder BagSmall items such as horse leather areBusiness bagCowhide is often suitable for large products such as:

Cowhide vs pig leather

Pig leatheris characterized by its unique pore pattern (three pores), and is lightweight and breathable. It is softer and more affordable than cowhide, but is slightly less durable. Pig leather is often used for gloves, interior materials, and inside wallets.

Cowhide vs sheep leather (lambskin)

Sheepskinis very soft and has a smooth feel. It is lightweight, warms up faster with body temperature than cowhide, and is more comfortable to wear. However, compared to cowhide, it is more likely to be damaged and less durable. Sheepskin is suitable for fashion-oriented clothing and gloves, but is not suitable for frequent use or bags for heavy items.

Cowhide vs PU leather (synthetic leather)

PU leatheris synthetic leather made mainly of polyurethane, and although it is made to look similar to genuine leather, it is a material that is essentially a different material. You can see the differences between the two in the following comparison table:

Characteristics	Cowhide	PU leather
Durability	High (can be used for several decades)	Low (usually 2-5 years)
touch	Natural and warm	Uniform and artificial
Breathable	Good	low
Changes over time	Increases texture	Deterioration and peeling tendency
price	expensive	Cheap
Care	Regular care is required	Relatively easy

PU leather is reasonably priced and comes in a wide variety of colours.PU leather productsThis is suitable for those who want to enjoy the texture of the leather while keeping their budget low. However, it does not exceed cowhide in terms of durability and texture.

The most suitable leather material for different purposes

• Long-term use bag: Cowhide (especially full grain leather)
• Lightweight and soft clothing: Sheepskin
• Lightweight and strong items: Horse leather
• Fashion items that you want to keep your budget in mind: PU leather
• Products where breathability is important: Pig leather

As you can see, each leather material has its own characteristics, and it is not entirely impossible to say which one is the "best". It is important to choose the best material according to your purpose, budget, and preferences. Cowhide is a particularly great option for those who want to enjoy its durability and beauty over time.

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6. How to Use Cowhide and Suitable Products

Cowhide is used in a wide range of items due to its durability, aesthetics and texture that grows over time. Below we will explain in detail how cowhide is used in everyday life.

Bags and bags

Cowhide is widely used in the manufacture of various types of bags. It is especially suitable for bags that require durability and robustness, and the following products are popular:

• Business bags and briefcases: Ideal for business situations where professional appearance and durability are required. It can store documents, laptops, tablets, etc. and can be used for many years.
• Backpack: Backpacks that often carry heavy loads make use of the strength of cowhide. In particular, products made with full grain leather or crazy hose leather can be used for a wide range of purposes, from everyday use to business use.
• Travel bags and boston bags: Travel bags are used under particularly harsh conditions, so the durability of cowhide is very useful. Its distinctive feature is that it does not lose its shape even when you put heavy luggage in it, and can be used for a long time.
• Shoulder bag: This shoulder bag is convenient for everyday use, and when made from cowhide, it has moderate flexibility to reduce the burden on the shoulders, while also providing strength to maintain its shape.
• Mini Shoulder Pouch: Even small bags have attractive texture and durability, making it perfect for carrying around with you the bare minimum of items, such as smartphones and wallets.

Accessories and accessories

Cowhide is widely used in everyday accessories and accessories:

• Wallets: Cowhide wallets are durable and do not easily lose their shape even after long-term use, and the taste increases with age.
• belt: The strength of cowhide is useful for belts that you use on a daily basis. In particular, the more you use the belt made of tanned leather, it becomes more comfortable and has a beautiful texture.
• Notebook cover/key case: For accessories that you often touch, cowhide leather that fits comfortably in your hand is suitable. The more you use it, the more shiny it becomes, reflecting the owner's personality.
• Watch belt: Durable and comfortable cowhide is a favorite material for straps in luxury watches.

Clothing

Cowhide is also used in a variety of clothing:

• Leather jacket: Cowhide jackets are highly durable and windproof, making them popular among bikers and outdoor enthusiasts.
• Shoes and boots: Cowhide is often used for high-quality shoes and boots, protecting your feet and withstanding long-term use.
• gloves: Cowhide gloves balance protection and flexibility, and are widely used for work and fashion.

Furniture and interior

Cowhide is also used in furniture and interior items that require durability:

• Sofas and chairs: Cowhide-covered furniture not only looks luxurious, but also has excellent durability and can be used for a long time.
• Desk mat/book cover: Cowhide is also used in small items in the study and workplace, creating a high-quality space.

As these examples show, cowhide has blended into every aspect of our lives and has long been loved for its functionality and aesthetic value. If handled correctly, cowhide products will increase their value over time as part of their owners.

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7. How to Choose High Quality Cowhide Products

Choosing high-quality cowhide products is an important factor in getting products that you can use for a long time. Below we will explain in detail the checkpoints to identify high-quality cowhide products.

Key points to determine the quality of leather

Check the type of leather

Check out the type of leather listed on product descriptions and tags. Full-grain leather and top-grain leather are of high quality and are more durable than split leather. The quality of the word "genuine leather" is often unclear, so we recommend checking more specific information.Genuine leather productsAmong them, especiallyCrazy Horse Leatheris a high-quality material that can be enjoyed over time.

Check the surface and texture of the leather

High quality cowhide features the following features:

• Natural surface unevenness and grain patterns
• Moderate flexibility, and no cracks occur on the surface even when folded hard
• It has a warm and natural texture when you touch it
• A surface that is too uniform or of a completely identical colour may be over-processed

Check out the scent

Genuine cowhide has a unique natural scent. If you have a strong chemical smell, you may be over-treated or using poor quality dyes.

Key points to determine product quality

Check the sewing and finish

High quality cowhide products are stitched and finished with the following characteristics:

• Uniform and solid seams (generally 5-7 needles per inch are ideal)
• Sturdy sewing using thick thread
• The edges are treated carefully, and there are no fraying or rough cuts
• High quality metal fittings (zippers, buckles, rivets, etc.) and securely attached

Functionality and practicality

especiallyBusiness bagorTravel bagSo let's check the following points:

• Are pockets and compartments designed to be easy to use?
• Should the shoulder straps and handles be firmly attached?
• Can the zippers and buttons be opened and closed smoothly?
• Is the weight appropriate for the purpose of use (if it is too light, it may be that thin leather is used)

Lining quality

High-quality cowhide products also use high-quality materials for the lining. It is often made from natural materials such as cotton and linen, as well as highly durable synthetic fibers. The lining should also be carefully sewn.

Check points when purchasing

Buy from trusted brands and select shops

By choosing a brand or select shop that is well-known for its quality of leather products, you will increase your chances of getting a high-quality product. For example, COWMONO is a select shop that offers high-quality leather products at affordable prices.

Check warranty and after-sales service

Manufacturers and shops that are confident in their quality usually offer some kind of warranty on their products. It's a relief to check the warranty and whether or not there is a repair service.

Evaluate price validity

Care must be taken with extremely inexpensive "genuine leather" products. High quality cowhide products come at reasonable prices. However, high prices do not necessarily mean high quality, and there are also products like COWMONO that have a fair price that eliminates intermediate margins through direct trading.

Take these points into consideration and choose high-quality cowhide products that suit your needs and budget. A properly chosen cowhide product will become a beloved companion that will grow over many years.

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8. How to maintain cowhide products

Proper maintenance is essential to maximize the lifespan and beauty of cowhide products. Here we will explain in detail the basic maintenance methods for cowhide products.

Daily care

Regular cleaning

Keeping your cowhide products clean is the first step in maintenance. Use the following steps to clean regularly:

1. Gently remove dust and dirt with a soft brush or cloth
2. If dirt is noticeable, use a small amount of leather cleaner.
3. Avoid wiping with a high-moist cloth, and always finish with a dry cloth.

The important thing is to deal with it as soon as possible if it gets dirty. Wipe off any oily or dark-colored drinks immediately.

Moisturizing care

Leather needs regular moisturizing. Moisturize once every 3-6 months, or if you are concerned about dryness:

1. Choose a leather-specific conditioner or leather cream (colorless or suitable for the color of the product)
2. Patch tests in an inconspicuous location
3. Apply a small amount of conditioner to a clean cloth and gently apply it in circular motions.
4. Wipe off excess conditioner and let it dry naturally (avoid direct sunlight)

Crazy Horse LeatherWe recommend using special care products for leather that has been treated with special treatments such as:

Storage method

Storage methods when not in use can also greatly affect the lifespan of cowhide products:

• Appropriate environment: Store in a well-ventilated place with humidity of around 40-60%.
• Maintain the shape：Business bagStuff paper or cloth inside to maintain its shape
• Storage bag: Put it in a dustproof cloth bag (no plastic bags)
• For long-term storage: Remove once every three weeks to allow air to pass through, preventing mold growth.

Care in certain situations

Prevents rain and water

What to do if your cowhide product gets wet:

1. Gently wipe off excess moisture with a soft cloth or paper towel (do not rub it)
2. Let it dry naturally (do not use heat sources such as hair dryers, direct sunlight, or heaters)
3. Once it's completely dry, apply a light moisturizing cream to restore the leather's flexibility.

As a precaution, regular waterproof sprays are also effective. especiallyBackpackorTravel bagWaterproofing is recommended for items that are often used outdoors, such as:

Color transfer prevention

Especially brightly colored cowhide products need to be careful about color transfer:

• Avoid contact with dark clothing
• Use anti-stain and anti-color transfer sprays exclusively for leather products
• If color transfer occurs, consult a professional cleaning service.

Repairing cracks and scratches

Small cracks and scratches can be improved by:

1. Clean the area around scratches with a leather cleaner
2. Gently soak leather conditioner into scratches
3. For deep scratches, use a leather repair cream of the same color.

Conditions to consult with leather products experts

In the following situations, it is recommended to consult a professional rather than dealing with DIY:

• Major tears and structural damage
• Mold growth
• If the color fades significantly
• Damage to fasteners and hardware

By performing proper maintenance, cowhide products will deepen their bond with their owners over a long period of time, and develop their appeal to suit the lifestyle of the person who uses them. Optimal care is the key to maintaining the natural beauty of cowhide for a long time.

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9. Aging and changes in cowhide products

One of the charms of cowhide products is its aging. This is a phenomenon in which the leather changes over time, creating a unique texture and color. By using it while providing proper care, cowhide products will now show a unique look that is unique to the owner.

Aging mechanism

Aging of cowhide occurs through physical and chemical changes such as:

• Oxidation: The oils and components contained in leather react with oxygen in the air, changing the color depth and density.
• The effects of sunlight: The color of the leather gradually changes due to UV rays. especiallyGenuine leather productsThe color is often deepened by sunlight.
• Friction and pressure: The friction and pressure during use will gradually smoothen the surface of the leather, creating a unique shine (patina).
• Body temperature and skin: The color of the parts that are touched by humans gradually changes depending on body temperature and sebum, resulting in a glossy finish.

Aging characteristics by type of leather

Full grain leather

This leather is the most natural aging process. As you use it, the surface creates a beautiful shine (patina), increasing the original texture of the leather. Scratches and wrinkles also become more flavorful, and over time it changes to a deeper color.

Nubuck leather

This is one of the leathers where aging changes are most noticeable. It starts with a light colour and changes to a darker candy colour or brown as you use it. There is a large change due to oily hands and sunlight, allowing you to enjoy large changes in a short period of time.

Crazy Horse Leather

Crazy Horse Leatheris a cowhide leather with a special treatment that changes the color of the part when it is rubbed. You can enjoy a unique vintage feel right after you start using it, and the more you use it, the more complex and attractive the more you create.

Tips for enjoying a wonderful aging

The relationship between usage and aging

The basics of aging are to use it on a daily basis. The more you use it, the faster the leather will become familiar to you. However, avoid treating it roughly and be aware of the following points:

• Use regularly and won't stick to it for a long time
• It gives you more opportunities to touch it with your hands (leather grows with the oil of human hands)
• Avoid extreme conditions of use (extreme heat, extreme cold, long-term wetting, etc.)

Proper care and aging

Key points of care to promote good aging:

• Dust with a dry, soft cloth regularly
• Moisturize your skin moderately (overdoing it will interfere with the leather's breathing)
• Wipe away any dirt immediately
• Avoid using more care products than necessary (enjoy the natural changes in leather over time)

Examples of aging

Aging of the bag

Business bagCowhide bags such as these begin to change first three to six months after they have started to use. The color deepens and gives off a glossy finish, especially from frequently touching parts such as handles and corners. After using for more than a year, the overall color will become even, giving it a deep, beautiful texture in 3-5 years.

Aging of the wallet

Wallets that you use on a daily basis age relatively quickly. Parts that are placed in your pockets and where they are frequently opened and closed will change quickly. If you have a wallet made of tanned leather, you will likely see a clear color change in about six months.

Belt aging

The color of the belt you use every day gradually changes from the area around the buckle, and the color of that area changes depending on the place you use it. In particular, the tanned leather belts can be enjoyed clearly within about a year of use.

Aging of cowhide products is not merely "deterioration," but rather a process of "growth" that carries the history of leather and users. By continuing to use it for a long time while providing proper care, you will be able to experience the joy of growing a special leather product that is one of a kind in the world.

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10. Frequently Asked Questions

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